Heat of Vaporization of the Elements

Unit

The enthalpy of vaporization (ΔHvap), or latent heat of vaporization, is the energy required to transform a substance from liquid to gas. It varies with pressure and is typically quoted at the normal boiling temperature.

Data available for 94 of 118 elements. Highest: Tungsten (800 kJ/mol). Lowest: Helium (0.083 kJ/mol).

Visualize Heat of Vaporization in the periodic table →

118 elements

Heat of Vaporization of the Elements
		Symbol
74	Tungsten	W	800
73	Tantalum	Ta	735
6	Carbon	C	715
75	Rhenium	Re	705
41	Niobium	Nb	690
72	Hafnium	Hf	630
76	Osmium	Os	630
42	Molybdenum	Mo	600
40	Zirconium	Zr	580
44	Ruthenium	Ru	580
77	Iridium	Ir	560
43	Technetium	Tc	550
90	Thorium	Th	530
5	Boron	B	507
45	Rhodium	Rh	495
78	Platinum	Pt	490
91	Protactinium	Pa	470
23	Vanadium	V	453
22	Titanium	Ti	425
92	Uranium	U	420
71	Lutetium	Lu	415
57	Lanthanum	La	400
89	Actinium	Ac	400
39	Yttrium	Y	380
46	Palladium	Pd	380
28	Nickel	Ni	378
27	Cobalt	Co	375
14	Silicon	Si	359
58	Cerium	Ce	350
26	Iron	Fe	347
24	Chromium	Cr	339
93	Neptunium	Np	335
32	Germanium	Ge	334
59	Praseodymium	Pr	330
79	Gold	Au	330
94	Plutonium	Pu	325
21	Scandium	Sc	318
64	Gadolinium	Gd	305
29	Copper	Cu	300
4	Beryllium	Be	297
65	Terbium	Tb	295
13	Aluminum	Al	293
50	Tin	Sn	290
61	Promethium	Pm	290
60	Neodymium	Nd	285
68	Erbium	Er	285
66	Dysprosium	Dy	280
67	Holmium	Ho	265
31	Gallium	Ga	256
47	Silver	Ag	255
69	Thulium	Tm	250
49	Indium	In	230
25	Manganese	Mn	220
82	Lead	Pb	178
62	Samarium	Sm	175
63	Europium	Eu	175
81	Thallium	Tl	165
70	Ytterbium	Yb	160
83	Bismuth	Bi	160
20	Calcium	Ca	155
3	Lithium	Li	147
56	Barium	Ba	140
38	Strontium	Sr	137
12	Magnesium	Mg	128
88	Radium	Ra	125
30	Zinc	Zn	119
48	Cadmium	Cd	100
84	Polonium	Po	100
11	Sodium	Na	97.7
19	Potassium	K	76.9
37	Rubidium	Rb	72
51	Antimony	Sb	68
55	Cesium	Cs	65
87	Francium	Fr	65
80	Mercury	Hg	59.2
52	Tellurium	Te	48
85	Astatine	At	40
33	Arsenic	As	32.4
34	Selenium	Se	26
53	Iodine	I	20.9
86	Radon	Rn	17
35	Bromine	Br	14.8
54	Xenon	Xe	12.64
15	Phosphorus	P	12.4
17	Chlorine	Cl	10.2
16	Sulfur	S	9.8
36	Krypton	Kr	9.02
18	Argon	Ar	6.5
8	Oxygen	O	3.41
9	Fluorine	F	3.27
7	Nitrogen	N	2.79
10	Neon	Ne	1.75
1	Hydrogen	H	0.452
2	Helium	He	0.083
95	Americium	Am	—
96	Curium	Cm	—
97	Berkelium	Bk	—
98	Californium	Cf	—
99	Einsteinium	Es	—
100	Fermium	Fm	—
101	Mendelevium	Md	—
102	Nobelium	No	—
103	Lawrencium	Lr	—
104	Rutherfordium	Rf	—
105	Dubnium	Db	—
106	Seaborgium	Sg	—
107	Bohrium	Bh	—
108	Hassium	Hs	—
109	Meitnerium	Mt	—
110	Darmstadtium	Ds	—
111	Roentgenium	Rg	—
112	Copernicium	Cn	—
113	Nihonium	Nh	—
114	Flerovium	Fl	—
115	Moscovium	Mc	—
116	Livermorium	Lv	—
117	Tennessine	Ts	—
118	Oganesson	Og	—

Heat of Vaporization of the Elements

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